Curriculum Relevance Matters: Advancing Employability Outcomes in Teacher Education

Abstract

Graduate employability has become a critical indicator of the quality and effectiveness of higher education institutions. In an increasingly competitive and rapidly changing labor market, teacher education institutions are expected not only to produce academically competent graduates but also individuals equipped with the skills, competencies, and professional attributes required by employers. The emergence of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, digital transformation, and evolving workforce demands has intensified the need for curricula that are responsive to labor market requirements.

In the Philippines, concerns persist regarding the mismatch between graduate competencies and labor market expectations. Although teacher education programs are designed to develop pedagogical expertise and technical-vocational competencies, some graduates continue to encounter difficulties in securing stable and relevant employment. Previous tracer studies have identified challenges related to curriculum relevance, limited industry exposure, lack of professional licensure, and insufficient workplace experience.

To address these concerns, a tracer study was conducted among graduates of the College of Teacher Education of Cagayan State University (CSU), particularly those from the Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education (BTLED), Bachelor of Technical-Vocational Teacher Education (BTVTED), Bachelor of Technical Teacher Education (BTTE), and Bachelor of Secondary Education major in Technology and Livelihood Education (BSE-TLE). The study sought to determine the factors influencing employability and provide evidence-based recommendations for curriculum enhancement and policy development.